{"id":33614,"date":"2024-04-02T15:22:02","date_gmt":"2024-04-02T15:22:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agriportance.com\/?p=33614"},"modified":"2025-03-03T12:33:55","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T12:33:55","slug":"ktere-faktory-ovlivnuji-cenu-biometanu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agriportance.com\/cs\/blog\/welche-faktoren-beeinflussen-den-biomethanpreis\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed cenu biometanu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cenov\u00e1 skladba biometanu jako biopaliva je mnohovrstevn\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd je ovlivn\u011bn r\u016fzn\u00fdmi n\u00e1kladov\u00fdmi faktory. Mezi tyto faktory pat\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, n\u00e1klady na dopravu, dan\u011b a odvody a tak\u00e9 ziskov\u00e9 mar\u017ee. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 z t\u011bchto n\u00e1kladov\u00fdch polo\u017eek hraje rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli p\u0159i ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ceny biometanu pro spot\u0159ebitele a ziskovosti pro v\u00fdrobce a dodavatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady<\/strong> z biometanu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdroba biometanu je slo\u017eit\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd zahrnuje fermentaci organick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd odpad, hn\u016fj nebo energetick\u00e9 plodiny. Zde je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu n\u00e1klady na suroviny, technologii fermentace, zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed vyroben\u00e9ho plynu a n\u00e1klady na provoz a \u00fadr\u017ebu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Provozn\u00ed n\u00e1klady zahrnuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u00fddaje na energii, vodu, person\u00e1l a \u00fadr\u017ebu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti a technologick\u00fd pokrok mohou sn\u00ed\u017eit v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, ale investi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdstavbu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm faktorem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stanoven\u00ed ceny biometanu z hnoje v odv\u011btv\u00ed paliv vy\u017eaduje podrobnou anal\u00fdzu struktury n\u00e1klad\u016f. Ta se prov\u00e1d\u00ed v cel\u00e9m hodnotov\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci a analyzuje se ziskovost. Z\u00e1kladem pro v\u00fdpo\u010det n\u00e1klad\u016f je n\u011bkolik definovan\u00fdch faktor\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Biometan p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00fasporu sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f (GHG) ve v\u00fd\u0161i -100 g CO2ekv.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Existence bioplynov\u00e9 stanice; vy\u017eaduje se pouze v\u00fdstavba za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na \u00fapravu bioplynu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Vzd\u00e1lenost od s\u00edt\u011b zemn\u00edho plynu je m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 1 kilometr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. 100% pou\u017eit\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu tvo\u0159\u00ed ciz\u00ed kapit\u00e1l.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. v\u00fdroba surov\u00e9ho bioplynu je 250 standardn\u00edch metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch za hodinu; v\u00fdroba biometanu je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 125 standardn\u00edch metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch za hodinu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Bioplynov\u00e1 stanice ji\u017e byla pln\u011b odeps\u00e1na.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Slo\u017eky n\u00e1klad\u016f na v\u00fdrobu biometanu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    P\u0159i p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b bioplynu na biometan je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu r\u016fzn\u00e9 investi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Fixn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed biometanu \u010din\u00ed 1,5 milionu eur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. N\u00e1klady na centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010derpac\u00ed stanici s \u010derpac\u00ed kapacitou 85 m3 za hodinu \u010din\u00ed 50 000 eur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. V\u00fddaje na kryt \u010derpadla \u010din\u00ed 20 000 EUR.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. Bioplynov\u00e1 stanice stoj\u00ed 250 000 eur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed polo\u017eky, jako je certifikace, se odhaduj\u00ed na pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed sazbu 10% z celkov\u00e9 investice. Odpisy technick\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed se odhaduj\u00ed na 10 let, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed fixn\u00ed n\u00e1klady ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 200 000 EUR. Variabiln\u00ed n\u00e1klady se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na provozu. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm n\u00e1kladov\u00fdm faktorem je n\u00e1kup substr\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt zna\u010dn\u00fd vliv na ziskovost. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      P\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdpo\u010dtu v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f biometanu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      V na\u0161em sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me vstup substr\u00e1tu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 201TP3 tun kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 sil\u00e1\u017ee a 801TP3 tun kejdy. Variabiln\u00ed n\u00e1klady se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch polo\u017eek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. V\u00fdroba kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 sil\u00e1\u017ee stoj\u00ed 45 eur za tunu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. Katalog obchodn\u00edch sazeb (HTK) pro dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1kupy \u010din\u00ed 50 eur za tunu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. Za likvidaci digest\u00e1tu se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed sazba 10 eur za tunu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      4. Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed tepla pro fermentor p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1klady ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50 000 eur ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      5. Opravy, \u00fadr\u017eba a provozn\u00ed materi\u00e1l stoj\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 180 000 eur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        V obdob\u00ed od \u010dervna do \u0159\u00edjna 2022 bylo na spotov\u00e9m trhu dosa\u017eeno ceny biometanu ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 22 cent\u016f za kilowatthodinu. Dlouhodob\u00e9 smlouvy dos\u00e1hly v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch cen v d\u016fsledku dvoj\u00edho uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed na trh. Za p\u0159edpokladu opatrn\u00e9 ceny 20 cent\u016f za kilowatthodinu biometanu s hodnotou sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f -100 g CO2eq a p\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed zamezen\u00fdch poplatk\u016f za p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k s\u00edti ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50 000 eur by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout ro\u010dn\u00edho obratu ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 800 000 eur. Po ode\u010dten\u00ed fixn\u00edch a variabiln\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f by to znamenalo zisk p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 650 000 eur ro\u010dn\u011b. P\u0159i t\u00e9to konstelaci by se syst\u00e9m mohl amortizovat b\u011bhem t\u0159\u00ed let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Pro mnoho z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran p\u0159edstavuje obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s kv\u00f3tami na emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd stimul pro p\u0159echod na udr\u017eitelnou energii v odv\u011btv\u00ed dopravy. A\u0165 u\u017e jde o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho vozov\u00e9ho parku, nebo p\u0159echod na elektrick\u00fd pohon. Z\u00e1konn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kv\u00f3t sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f na 9,25 % v roce 2024 a v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech v\u0161ak nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 k dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f ochrany klimatu v odv\u011btv\u00ed dopravy do roku 2030.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Faktory, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed cenu biometanu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        N\u00e1klady na dopravu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Po v\u00fdrob\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt biometan dopraven do distribu\u010dn\u00edch center nebo p\u0159\u00edmo ke kone\u010dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi. Tento logistick\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat n\u00e1klady na p\u0159epravu n\u00e1kladn\u00edmi automobily, dod\u00e1vku do plynov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b nebo p\u0159epravu lod\u00ed \u010di po \u017eeleznici. N\u00e1klady se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na vzd\u00e1lenosti, dopravn\u00edm prost\u0159edku a infrastruktu\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Dan\u011b a cla<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        V N\u011bmecku podl\u00e9h\u00e1 prodej biometanu energetick\u00e9 dani, biopaliva v\u0161ak mohou b\u00fdt za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek da\u0148ov\u011b zv\u00fdhodn\u011bna. Dal\u0161\u00ed poplatky mohou vzniknout v d\u016fsledku regula\u010dn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f, jako jsou emisn\u00ed certifik\u00e1ty. Tyto n\u00e1klady se obvykle prom\u00edtaj\u00ed do kone\u010dn\u00e9 ceny. Pod\u00edlej\u00ed se na celkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stce, kterou mus\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel zaplatit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Ziskov\u00e9 rozp\u011bt\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        V\u00fdrobci a dodavatel\u00e9 biometanu po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed ziskov\u00e9 mar\u017ee, aby mohli amortizovat sv\u00e9 investice a vytv\u00e1\u0159et zisk. Tyto mar\u017ee mus\u00ed b\u00fdt konkurenceschopn\u00e9 a z\u00e1vis\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00fdch faktorech. V\u010detn\u011b dynamiky trhu, konkurence jin\u00fdch biopaliv a popt\u00e1vky spot\u0159ebitel\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Z\u00e1vazek sn\u00ed\u017eit emise v N\u011bmecku<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Z\u00e1konn\u00e1 povinnost sni\u017eovat emise v N\u011bmecku vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed trh pro obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s kv\u00f3tami sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje atraktivitu biopaliv, jako je biometan. Spole\u010dnosti t\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed ropu, kter\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed na trh fosiln\u00ed paliva, mus\u00ed sni\u017eovat sv\u00e9 emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Kv\u00f3ta sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, kter\u00e1 je definov\u00e1na jako procento z celkov\u00e9ho objemu paliva, ud\u00e1v\u00e1 pod\u00edl, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nahrazen udr\u017eiteln\u00fdmi palivy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Rostouc\u00ed kv\u00f3ty sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f zvy\u0161uj\u00ed popt\u00e1vku po biopalivech. Distributo\u0159i pohonn\u00fdch hmot jsou motivov\u00e1ni k tomu, aby dos\u00e1hli sv\u00fdch emisn\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm biopaliv a neriskovali vysok\u00e9 sankce. Pevn\u00e1 pokuta 470 EUR\/t CO2ekv za nespln\u011bn\u00ed kv\u00f3ty sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f je v\u00fdznamnou ekonomickou pob\u00eddkou. To nep\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje i tvorbu ceny biometanu. Pokud jsou n\u00e1klady na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed CO2 p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed biometanu ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pokuta, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se pro spole\u010dnosti t\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje atraktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat biometan nam\u00edsto placen\u00ed pokuty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Konkurenceschopnost biometanu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi biopalivy, jako je bionafta nebo bioetanol, je v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku ovlivn\u011bna cenou. Tu si mohou v\u00fdrobci \u00fa\u010dtovat za kv\u00f3tu sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. V\u00fdroba biometanu m\u00e1 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi biopalivy odli\u0161nou strukturu n\u00e1klad\u016f. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k diverzifikaci cen. Krom\u011b toho maj\u00ed na ceny biometanu p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv region\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u00edly v dostupnosti surovin a \u00fa\u010dinnosti v\u00fdrobn\u00edch proces\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Cena kv\u00f3ty sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Cena kv\u00f3ty sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1klady na vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jedn\u00e9 tuny ekvivalentu CO2 a je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm prvkem regulace emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed ceny kv\u00f3t v rozmez\u00ed 430 a\u017e 520 eur za tunu ekvivalentu CO2 v roce 2021 ukazuje zm\u011bny v popt\u00e1vce po emisn\u00edch povolenk\u00e1ch. Ty jsou ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1ny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi faktory, jako je dynamika trhu, politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 aktivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Hodnota sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli, proto\u017ee ur\u010duje, jakou \u010d\u00e1st tzv. kv\u00f3ty lze splnit pou\u017eit\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed biometanu. Biometan je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee p\u0159i jeho spalov\u00e1n\u00ed se uvol\u0148uje m\u00e9n\u011b CO2 ne\u017e p\u0159i spalov\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edho zemn\u00edho plynu. Mno\u017estv\u00ed kv\u00f3t sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze z\u00edskat pomoc\u00ed biometanu, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jeho potenci\u00e1lu \u00faspory sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
        \n

        V\u00fdvoj ceny biometanu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Klikn\u011bte zde pro n\u00e1\u0161 cenov\u00fd ticker \u2192<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>

        \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vlastnosti biometanu z hlediska udr\u017eitelnosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Co se t\u00fd\u010de vlastnost\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti, jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dva body:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. Dvoj\u00ed zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed \u00faspor z modern\u00edch surovin: Po spln\u011bn\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed kv\u00f3ty lze \u00faspory z pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pokro\u010dil\u00fdch surovin zapo\u010d\u00edtat dvakr\u00e1t. To m\u00e1 motivovat k pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed modern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch surovin, aby se d\u00e1le sni\u017eovaly emise CO2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Horn\u00ed limit pro biometan NawaRo: Pro biometan vyroben\u00fd z obnoviteln\u00fdch surovin (NawaRo) existuje horn\u00ed limit pro pod\u00edl rostlin, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity tak\u00e9 jako potravina nebo krmivo pro zv\u00ed\u0159ata. C\u00edlem tohoto na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je zajistit, aby v\u00fdroba biometanu nekonkurovala v\u00fdrob\u011b potravin a krmiv, a zaru\u010dit tak udr\u017eitelnost.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          Cena TTF<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Cena TTF se vztahuje k obchodn\u00edmu centru pro zemn\u00ed plyn v Nizozemsku, zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu jako TTF (Title Transfer Facility). Tento spotov\u00fd trh je jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejlikvidn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch center pro obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed se zemn\u00edm plynem v Evrop\u011b a slou\u017e\u00ed jako m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko pro stanoven\u00ed ceny zemn\u00edho plynu v regionu. Cena TTF se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed (spotov\u00fd trh) a dlouhodob\u00e9 kontrakty (futures) a odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed nab\u00eddku a popt\u00e1vku na evropsk\u00e9m trhu se zemn\u00edm plynem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Slo\u017een\u00ed ceny plynu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Cena plynu se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch hlavn\u00edch slo\u017eek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. Ceny plynu na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch trz\u00edch, kter\u00e9 mohou kol\u00edsat v z\u00e1vislosti na nab\u00eddce a popt\u00e1vce, geopolitick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech a dal\u0161\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch faktorech.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. S\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 poplatky, kter\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159epravn\u00edch a distribu\u010dn\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed pro plyn. Tyto poplatky se mohou li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na regionu a n\u00e1kladech na \u00fadr\u017ebu infrastruktury.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. Dan\u011b a poplatky, v\u010detn\u011b ceny CO2.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            Tyto st\u00e1tem definovan\u00e9 n\u00e1kladov\u00e9 polo\u017eky mohou zahrnovat aspekty environment\u00e1ln\u00ed a energetick\u00e9 politiky. P\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt cena CO2, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je sn\u00ed\u017eit emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Toho se dosahuje stanoven\u00edm ceny za obsah uhl\u00edku ve fosiln\u00edch palivech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            V\u0161echny tyto faktory spole\u010dn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 cen\u011b, kterou spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 za plyn plat\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Vliv ceny TTF na biometan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Cena TTF jako ukazatel zemn\u00edho plynu m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt vliv na cenu biometanu. D\u016fvodem je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee biometan je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za obnovitelnou alternativu konven\u010dn\u00edho zemn\u00edho plynu. Pokud se cena TTF zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to zv\u00fd\u0161it konkurenceschopnost biometanu, proto\u017ee se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed cenov\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi obnoviteln\u00fdm plynem a fosiln\u00edm zemn\u00edm plynem. Naopak klesaj\u00edc\u00ed cena TTF m\u016f\u017ee biometan zdra\u017eit a sn\u00ed\u017eit jeho konkurenceschopnost ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zemn\u00edm plynem. Ceny biometanu v\u0161ak z\u00e1vis\u00ed i na dal\u0161\u00edch faktorech, jako jsou m\u00edstn\u00ed dotace, v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a specifick\u00e1 dynamika trhu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Cena zemn\u00edho plynu v uzlu TTF (Title Transfer Facility) v eurech vykazuje relativn\u011b stabiln\u00ed a n\u00edzkou cenu, kter\u00e1 se v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2021 pomalu zvy\u0161uje. Od kv\u011btna 2021 (21. 5.) za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed ceny prudce stoupat s v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi vrcholy a vysokou volatilitou. Extr\u00e9mn\u00ed vrcholy, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159esahuj\u00ed 200%, dosahuj\u00ed sv\u00e9ho maxima kolem listopadu 2021 (21. listopadu). Po t\u011bchto vrcholech cena kles\u00e1, ale v kv\u011btnu 2022 (kv\u011bten.22) op\u011bt roste. N\u00e1sledn\u011b cena op\u011bt kles\u00e1 a stabilizuje se na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni ne\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku zobrazen\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e kone\u010dn\u00e1 hodnota se pohybuje kolem +208% v kv\u011btnu 2023 (kv\u011bten.23). V\u00edce informac\u00ed o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch cen\u00e1ch zemn\u00edho plynu naleznete na adrese https:\/\/www.finanzen.net\/rohstoffe\/erdgas-preis-ttf\/chart<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Tyto volatiln\u00ed pohyby jsou zp\u016fsobeny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi tr\u017en\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami. P\u0159\u00edkladem mohou b\u00fdt zm\u011bny popt\u00e1vky, politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed, zm\u011bny smluv nebo jin\u00e9 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, jako je v\u00e1lka na Ukrajin\u011b, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed trh se zemn\u00edm plynem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Historick\u00e9 ceny plynu TTF lze pova\u017eovat za ukazatel obecn\u00fdch trend\u016f na energetick\u00e9m trhu, kter\u00e9 mohou ovlivnit ceny biometanu, zejm\u00e9na na trz\u00edch, kde se biometan pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada zemn\u00edho plynu. Pro p\u0159esn\u00e9 ur\u010den\u00ed vlivu ceny plynu TTF na cenu biometanu by bylo t\u0159eba se pod\u00edvat na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy trhu, kter\u00e9 analyzuj\u00ed ceny zemn\u00edho plynu i biometanu ve stejn\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m obdob\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jak\u00fdchkoli dotaz\u016f n\u00e1s pros\u00edm kontaktujte. Kontaktujte Henninga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Podpora biometanu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            Podpora biometanu tak\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pob\u00eddky pro udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. Toho je dosa\u017eeno podporou recyklace organick\u00e9ho odpadu, a t\u00edm minimalizac\u00ed ekologick\u00e9ho dopadu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. To nejen posiluje venkovsk\u00e9 oblasti, ale tak\u00e9 podporuje p\u0159echod na energetiku a ob\u011bhov\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            V oblasti pohonn\u00fdch hmot je biometan jako CNG ekologickou n\u00e1hradou tradi\u010dn\u00edch fosiln\u00edch paliv. Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed biometanu ve vozidlech vede ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed oxid\u016f dus\u00edku (NOx) a pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic. To n\u00e1sledn\u011b zlep\u0161uje kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a sni\u017euje emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Vl\u00e1dy a \u00fa\u0159ady motivuj\u00ed k p\u0159echodu na biometan prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edch pob\u00eddek, da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u00falev a podp\u016frn\u00fdch program\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Infrastruktura plnic\u00edch stanic CNG<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem pro \u00fasp\u011bch biometanu jako paliva je dostupnost odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed infrastruktury pro \u010derpac\u00ed stanice CNG. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b ji\u017e maj\u00ed dob\u0159e rozvinutou s\u00ed\u0165, jin\u00e9 maj\u00ed st\u00e1le co doh\u00e1n\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Souhrnn\u011b lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee skladba ceny biometanu je d\u00e1na komplexn\u00edm souborem v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, n\u00e1klad\u016f na dopravu a logistiku, da\u0148ov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, dynamiky trhu a po\u017eadavk\u016f vl\u00e1dy na sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed. Ziskov\u00e9 mar\u017ee mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pe\u010dliv\u011b kalkulov\u00e1ny. To je nezbytn\u00e9, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 konkurovat, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed poskytuje dal\u0161\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed pob\u00eddku, kter\u00e1 ovliv\u0148uje popt\u00e1vku, a tedy i cenu biometanu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Cenov\u00e1 skladba biometanu jako biopaliva je mnohovrstevn\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd je ovlivn\u011bn r\u016fzn\u00fdmi n\u00e1kladov\u00fdmi faktory. Mezi tyto faktory pat\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, n\u00e1klady na dopravu, dan\u011b a odvody a tak\u00e9 ziskov\u00e9 mar\u017ee. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 z t\u011bchto n\u00e1kladov\u00fdch polo\u017eek hraje rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli p\u0159i ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ceny biometanu pro spot\u0159ebitele a ziskovosti pro v\u00fdrobce a dodavatele. V\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na biometan V\u00fdroba biometanu je slo\u017eit\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd se vyzna\u010duje ...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33659,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[80],"class_list":["post-33614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biomethan","tag-biomethanpreis"],"yoast_head":"\nWelche Faktoren beeinflussen den Preis von Biomethan?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wie setzt sich der Preis von Biomethan zusammen? Welche Faktoren k\u00f6nnen den Biomethanpreis beeinflussen? 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